Fourth Generation (4G) Technology

after part Generation (4G) engine roomABSTRACT4G technology is a transition from the before technology i.e. 3G technology and it promises to bring close to of the revolutionary changes in the nimble world which impart be very favorable for the erratic users. Fasters info and IP bundle contagious diseases and a lot of other applications like high school quality voice and mul cartridge clipdia in real-time anywhere crossways the cosmos be some incontrovertible features of the 4G mobile ph unitys. This duty period of the technologies are promised to be procureed by the finish of this commercial class by a good turn of mobile carriers like VERIZON and ATT. Thus mobile users leave alone be enjoying the best of the mobile phone technology by the end of the year. 4G technology is supposed to be the best because totally the flaws that were experienced in the former ones are tried to eliminate in this one to obligate the best results to the users.FOURTH GENERATION MOBI LE PHONES (4G)INTRODUCTIONSince past some decades electric cell phone world has experienced a considerable come in of transition. This transition initiated from the First extension (1G) mobile phones carried forward by the 2G and 2.5G mobile phones. Nowadays, people are ha whileuated of exploitation the 3G technology. But the technologies and inventions are ever-restless and therefore the cell phone industry is again hopping with a great speed towards the one-quarter multiplication (4G) technology. 4G mobile phone technology is a complete commutation of wireless communication in 3G technology. Like the transition of 2G technology to 3G technology had increase data-transmission speeds, the transition from3Gtechnology to 4G technology promises even higher data rates than existed in previous generations and thus considered to be a heritor to 2G and 3G monetary standards. 4G promises voice, data and high-quality multimedia in real-time (streamed) form all the time and anywhere (Fendelman, n.d, check bit 03).NOMENCLATUREThe fundamental nature of the function is responsible for(p) for the typical nomenclature of the cell phone generations. Analogue technology was flipped from startle generation to the digital technology in the second generation. Third generation was designed with multimedia support which is now firing to flip to the fourth generation where transmission of data and IP packets is faster than the former generations.A 4G system is expected to post a comprehensive and secure all-IP put solution where facilities such as IP telephony, ultra-broadband Internet makeing, gaming function and streamed multimedia may be provided to users (4G and Beyond 3G Technology, n.d. Para 05). Thus switching to the 4G is like moving from a dial up internet lodge to a cable or DSL which can make all the works done fasters and faster than the previous ones. 4G marks the end of the tralatitious CDMA/GSM divide (German, 2010 March 15, Para 04).TYPESThere a re 2 chief(prenominal) types of 4G one of which is the Long-term evolution LTE and the other one is mobile WI-MAX.LTEA natural extension of the veritable 3G technology is the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) which is similarly referred as the pre-4G technology. Transmission of all data including voice takes place as LTE is architectural design that can send all types of IP packets and data. For a 20 MHz channel the downlink transmission bit rate of LTE up to 100 Mbps and 50 Mbps in the uplink and the bit rate capacity increases for aMultiple-input multiple- let output(MIMO)( 4G and Beyond 3G Technology,n.d. Para 05). According to German (2010, March 15) some of the well-known mobile carriers in United States like VERIZON and ATT and several across the globe would convert their network to LTE and worlds first publicly available LTE-service was opened in the two Scandinavian capitalsStockholmandOsloon the 14 celestial latitude 2009. VERIZON said that LTE testing in Seattle and Boston has gone well and that it will bring the technology to 25 to 30 marts this year (German, 2010 March 15, Para 06).According to the VERIZON, downloading speeds of 40Mbps to 50Mbps and upload speeds of 20Mbps to 25Mbps (German, 2010 March 15, Para 06). However according to Nelson and em (2010, March 3) the average speeds will range from 5Mbps to 12Mbps for downloads and 2Mbps to 5Mbps for uploads.In contrast ATT has inform that they will begin LTE testing in this commercial year and put their network in the upcoming year 2011 (German 2010 March 15, Para 07). LTE is non only being planned to launch by the end of this year in United Stats but also the Telco Mobile whizz (M1) in Singapore conducted a demo of LTE technical trial. Also NTT Do Como will the first to introduce LTE in Japan this year itself.WI-MAXWI-MAX is luxuriant as Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, and unlike LTE it is not an extension of current cellular system rather its more(prenominal) related to cur rent Wi-Fi technology. The sign version for mobile use is base on the 802.16e wireless standard (Wi-Fi is 802.110) (German, 2010 March 15, Para 11). It has potential for very long range transmission (up to 30 miles) and could offer speeds of about 10Mbps (German, 2010 March 15, Para 11). Where all the majority mobile carriers are interested in using the LTE the only US carrier to adopt the Wi-max technology is SPRINT. SPRINT has a Wi-max network in 27 cities and shows potential average speeds of 3Mbps to 6Mbps with maximum speed up to 10Mbps.FEATURESThe 4G standards were estimate to be introduced in order to facilitate users by some of the most incredible features that includes providing flexible channel bandwidth between 5MHz to 20MHz to a maximum accomplishment up to 40 MHz. Also a data rate of at least 100Mbps between any two locations across the globe. It also promises to provide a maximum Link ghostlike cogency in downlink up to 15bit/s/Hz and 6.75bit/s/Hz in uplink whic h means 1000Mbps in downlink should be possible over less than 67 MHz bandwidth. what is more the system spectral efficiency for downlink of 3bit/s/Hz/cell and for uplink it is 2.25 bit/s/Hz/cell. Ultimately 4G has all the flaws recovered that were noticeably found in the former standards.SPECIFICATIONACCESS TECHNIQUES4G exhibited increase in efficiency and ability in terms of the find proficiencys used for it. Plain TDMA i.e. m division multiple access and FDMA i.e. Frequency division multiple access were used in he 1G technology. But TDMA is less competent as it is unable to handle high data rate channels. This is because TDMA requires large control periods to improve the multipath impact. Similarly there were problems with FDMA as it used more bandwidth to reverse inter-carrier interferences. Thus to overcome these problems in the 2G technology one set along with the combination of TDMA and FDMA other set of access scheme was introduced which is known as the CDMA i.e. Carri er division multiple access. Thereby the system capacity was increased but as a drawback placed a soft delimit on it rather than the hard limit (i.e. a CDMA network will not reject new clients when it approaches its limits, resulting in a denial of service to all clients when the network overloads) (Rumney M, 2008). Data rate is increased as this access technique is able to manage multiple path channel. This enabled the third generation systems, such asIS-2000,UMTS,HSXPA,1xEV-DO,TD-CDMAand TD-SCDMA, to use CDMA as the access scheme(Rumney M, 2008). Although CDMA technique seems to be good so far yet it suffers from poor spectral flexibility and computationally intensive time domain equalization for broadband channels. More importance is given to the OFDMA i.e.Orthogonal FDMA, IFDMA i.e. Interleaved FDMA, SFDMA i.e. Single carrier FDMA and MFDMA i.e.Multicarrier FDMA because of the troubles in the conventional FDMA, TDMA and CDMA. The later used access schemes are based on effici ent FFT (Fast fourier transform) algorithm and frequency domain equalization which would result in demoralize number of multiplications/s. Also bandwidth can be controlled and a spectrum can be formed in a flexible way.IPv6 SUPPORTCircuit switched and packet switched networks are the base of the infrastructure of the 3G where as 4G will be based on packet switching only which would require low response time data transmission. Till the time when 4G will be introduced in the market and be a most used device the process of IPv4 take will be exhausted as a result a new version will be essential so that more wireless enabled devices can be supported. So IPv6 is be used to accomplish this task. By increasing the number ofIP addresses, IPv6 removes the need forNetwork organise Translation(NAT), a method of sharing a limited number of addresses among a larger group of devices, although NAT will still be ask to communicate with devices that are on existingIPv4networks (Morr, D 2009). S OFTWARE-DESIGN RATIO (SDR) SDRis one form of open wireless architecture (OWA) (Rumney, 2008). The final version out in the market of the 4G device will be a stark(a) combination of the former standards. This can be realized efficiently using SDR technology, which is categorized to the area of the radio convergence (Rumney, 2008).INDISTINGUISHABLE ACCOMPLISHMENTSThe 4G iphone which is going to be launched as soon as possible is promised to multitasking which allows accomplishing one of more iphone applications at the same time and also lets to continue the applications running in the play down even if the user makes or takes a call. Verizon is launching the 4G phone sestet months before the expectation because of some of the incontrovertible features of 4G that lures world towards itself. HTC HD3 and HTC HD2 are going to be 4G phones.CONCLUSIONLast but not the least the betterment in technology i.e. transition from the current 3G and 2.5G to 4G will make a drastic change in conte xt of data transmissions which will be able to carried in some fraction of seconds. It will be unquestionably proved very helpful to the future generations.REFRENCESOpen wireless open mobile. (n.d.) Retrieved from http//4gmobile.com/Fendelman, A. (n.d.) Retrieved fromhttp//cellphones.about.com/od/phoneglossary/g/4g.htm).Choney, S. (2008, April 15) Retrieved from http//www.msnbc.msn.com/id/239026154G Phones (n.d.) Retrieved from http//fourgphones.com/German, K (2010, March 15) Retrieved from http//asia.cnet.com/reviews/mobilephones/0,39050603,62061890,00.htmAtt (2010, February 18) Retrieved from http//www.att.com/gen/press-room?pid=4800cdvn=newsnewsarticleid=30536Pica, T Nelson, J (2010, March 8) Retrieved from http//news.vzw.com/news/2010/03/pr2010-03-02b.htmlKoh, D (2010, March 3) Retrieved from http//asia.cnet.com/crave/2010/03/03/singapore-may-be-ready-for-lte-as-early-as-q2-2011/4G. Retrieved from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4G4G and Beyond 3G Technology (n.d.) Retrieved from http//www.3g.co.za/content/view/73/33/

A Review on Client Side Load Balancing

A Review on customer Side demoralize matchProf. Vikas Nandgaonkar, Prof.Prashant DongareHarshal Mahajan, Awadhoot Lele, Akshay GaikwadAbstract rouse balancing is an authorised issue while managing meldr resources in a taint environment. The creation behind charge balancing is to manage server incumbrance which includes mo of resources ilk avaliable RAM, processor bandwisth, etc as well as to manage incoming pass along on the server. In becloud environment, it is master(prenominal) that even small covering requests from invitees must be served with an appropriate response, but in convensional approach, it becomes difficult to serve small selective information resourcesover large ones. here(predicate) point balancing plays an important role by managing and distributing alloy from one server evenly crossways multiple servers. Our approach is to make stretch balancing at client side which toy withs to shift gist management offshoot at client side hence reducin g servers file balancing overhead. Keywords get out twin(a), experimental algorithms, text processing, automaton, patternI. Introduction debauch computing whitethorn be a new term within the computing being and it signals the appearance of a brand new computing. horde computing is subsume in Nursing on demand service within which overlap resources, data, computer code and preference devices area social unit of measurement provided in flavour with the purchasers demand at specific time. Its a term that is generally employed in case of web. the complete web is viewed as a cloud. Capital and operational prices is cut victimisation cloud computing. Load razing in cloud computing brasss is absolutely a challenge currently. continually a distributed resolution is needed. Jobs piece of asst be appointed to congenial servers and purchasers separately for economical load equalisation as cloud whitethorn be a terribly complicated structure and elements area unit gift througho ut a good unfold space. Our aim is to elevate Associate in Nursing analysis and comparative study of those approaches. hide computing could be a bunk meaning alone diametric things to different individuals. For some, its simply in our suffer way of describing IT (information technology) outsourcingothers use it to mean any computing service provided over the Internet or an undistinguishable network and a few outline it as any bought-in laptop computer service you utilize that sits outside your firewall.Different types of cloudBased on the domain or environment in which clouds areused, clouds feces be divided into 3 categoriesPublic mists It is type of cloud which can be ingress fromanywhere in the world and can be accessed by anyone.Examples of this cloud are Amazons or Googles cloudwhich are open to all after specific SLA between drug user andprovider.Private misdirects In this type of cloud the specificorganizations or companys employee can only get accessand it will be accessible only within organizations premisesand by authenticating each and both user, it is not open toall. loanblend Clouds (combination of twain private and publicclouds) This types of cloud are combination of both publicas well as private cloud. Most of the commercial message use isinfluenced by this type of cloud.Different run provided by Cloud Fig 1 table services of cloud.1.A. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) performer we have a courseency to area unit buying access to raw computing hardware over world great web,such as servers or storage. Since we have a break awayency to get what you would likeand pay-as-you-go, this is oftenthis can be often said as service program computing. normal net hosting may be a straightforward voice of IaaS we have a tendency to pay a monthly subscription or a permegabyte gigabyte fee to own a hosting company serves up files for our web site from their servers.B. Software as a Service (SaaS) Means we use acomplete masking running play on somebody elses system.Web-based email and Google Documents are perhapsthe best-known examples.C. Platform as a Service (PaaS) Means we developapplications employ Web-based tools so they run on systems software and hardware provided by another company. So, for example, we might develop your own ecommerce website but have the whole thing, including the shopping cart, checkout, and payment mechanism running on a merchants server. Force.com (from salesforce.com) and the Google App Engine are examples of PaaS.Existing Load Balancing Algorithm A. fighting(a) Load Balancing AlgorithmIn a distributed system, changing load demolishing is worn out 2 totally different ways distributed and non-distributed. within the distributed one, the alive(p) load razing recursive program is dead by all lymph glands gift within the system and also the task of load equalization is shared among them. The interaction among clients to make water load equalization will wear 2 forms cooperativ e and non-cooperative 4.Dynamic load equalization algorithms of distributed nature, typically generate additive messages than the non-distributed ones as a upshot of, every of the nodes within the system must move with each alternative node. A benefit, of this can be that though one or additional nodes within the system fail, itll not cause the overall load equalization method to halt, it instead would effects the system functioning to some extent. Distributed dynamic load equalization will introduce Brobdingnagian stress on a system within which every node must swap standing info with each alternative node within the system. In non-distributed kind, either one node or a gaggle of nodes do the task of load equalization. Non-distributed dynamic load equalization algorithms will take 2 forms centralized and semi-distributed. within the initial kind, the load equalization algorithmic program is dead solely by one node within the whole system the central node. This node is exclusive ly chargeable for load equalization of the entire system. the opposite nodes move solely with the central node. In semi-distributed kind, nodes of the system square measure partitioned off into clusters, wherever the load equalization in every cluster is of centralized kind. A central node is nonappointive in every cluster by acceptable choice technique that takes care of load equalization at intervals that cluster.Hence, the load equalization of the entire system is completed via the central nodes of every cluster4.Strategies in Dynamic Load Balancing1) Transfer Policy The part of the dynamic load balancing algorithm which selects a job for transferring from a local node to a out-of-door node is referred to as Transfer indemnity or Transfer strategy.2) Selection Policy It specifies the processors involved in the load substitute (processor matching) .3) Location Policy The part of the load balancing algorithm which selects a destination node for a transferred task is reffered to as location policy or Location strategy.4) Information Policy The part of the dynamic load balancing algorithm responsible for collecting information about the nodes in the system is reffered to as Information policy or Information strategy.B. Distributed Load Balancing For the Clouds(a) Honeybee Foraging AlgorithmIn load-balancing operation,2 every server takes a specific bee role with possibilities post exchange or pr. These determine area unit wont to mimic the bee colony whereby an explicit cooking stove of bees area unit maintained as viandsrs to explore (px) instead of as resulters to take advantage of existing sources. A server with success fulfilling enquire can post on the advert board with likelihood pr. A server might at random select a virtual(prenominal) servers queue with likelihood px(exploring), otherwise checking for an ad (observation a waggle dance). In summary, idle servers (waiting bees) follow one in every of 2 behaviour patterns a server that reads the advert board can follow the chosen advert, then serve the request wherefore mimicking harvest behaviour. A server not reading the advert board reverts to forage behaviour pairing a random virtual servers queue request. associate degree corporal punishment server can complete the request and calculate the profit of the just-serviced virtual server.Fig 2 Virtual Servers and Advert Boards2II. Problem StatementTo develop scalable, secure and erroneousness tolerant client side load balancing application to leverage strength of cloud components1 by using signature driven load management algorithm along with dynamic time housecoat3.Proposed SystemIn our proposed model we establish cloud setup betweentwo computers using Ubuntu, xen and Eucalyptus onpeer to peer network. This can be discussed as follows-1. Cloud Setup Creating cloud (test bed) by using(Ubuntu, Xen and Eucalyptus2. option Monitoring observe criticalresources like RAM, CPU, memory, bandwidth,partition information, runni ng process information andutilization and swap usages etc.3. Load Balancing load balancing algorithm forhomogeneous and heterogeneous architectures.4. Testing In nightclub to evaluate the procedure ofcomplete setup, need to deploy resource monitoring andload balancing tools on test bed and evaluateperformance of our algorithm.A. What is Resource Monitoring?Cloud computing has become a line manner for businesses to manage resources, that square measure currently provided through remote servers and over the web rather than through the recent hardwired systems that appear therefore out of date nowadays. Cloud computing permits corporations to source some resources and applications to tertiary parties and it means that less problem and fewer hardware in an highly company. rather like any outsourced system, though, cloud computing needs watching. What happens once the services, servers, and web applications on that we tend to have faith in run into hassle, suffer period, or otherw ise dont perform to standardised? however quickly can we tend to notice and the way we tend toll can we react? Cloud watching permits America to touch sensation the performance of the cloud services we would be victimisation. whether or not we tend to square measure victimisation in style cloud services like Google App Engine, Amazon net Services, or a made-to-order answer, cloud watching ensures that every one systems square measure going. Cloud watching permits America to follow response times, service accessibility and a grapple of of cloud services in order that we are able to suffice within the event of any issues.B. Approach to Resource MonitoringHere during this section we tend to area unit developing Associate in Nursing application in java where we tend to area unit observance the node resources like RAM, CPU, Memory, Bandwidth, Partition data, Running method data and utilization by employing a Third Party merchant application like SIGAR (System data Gatherer and Report er).Proposed Algorithm Client side load balancing system which leverages strength of cloud components and overcomes above mentioned disadvantagesSignature operate Load Management(SigLM) using CloudThe above algorithm works by capturing systems signature like available RAM, current CPU bandwidth available and other resources. Once captured, that respect is compared with default threshold value and accordingly load like incoming requests is shifted to target node elevator car using Dynamic Time Wrapping (DTW) technique.Dynamic time wrapping works by considering source node as given by SigLM algorithm and makes some calculations to predict target node to which the load is to be shifted.This algorithm has better results than conventional algorithms with following advantages Caption of resource signature. plan by comparing signature of each server.30%-80% improved performance than existing approachesScalable, efficient and 0.0% overheadDynamic time wrapping (DTW) for extract of targe t node at runtime.Client side means to perform load balancing before requests hit to server.D. Conclusion In this stem we tend to created non-public Cloud setup mistreatment Ubuntu, xen and Eucalyptus which we tend to use as a workplace for closing implementation of DTW algorithmic program. we tend to jointly did literature survey of existing resource observation tools additionally as load leveling tools and are available up with Associate in Nursing algorithmic program for various design with higher performance.In this paper we tend to discuss the implementation modules of Signature pattern matching DTW algorithmic program with the right flow diagrams that simplifies the work of Load Balancer. The plotted metrics may be any refined by taking a lot of elaborate formalism for every module.References1 Tony Bourke Server Load Balancing, OReilly, ISBN 0-596-00050-22 Chandra Kopparapu Load Balancing Servers, Firewalls Caches,Wiley, ISBN 0-471-41550-23 Robert J. Shimonski Windows Se rver 2003 Clustering LoadBalancing, Osborne McGraw-Hill, ISBN 0-07-222622-64 Jeremy Zawodny , Derek J. Balling High Performance MySQL,OReilly, ISBN 0-596-00306-45 J. Kruskall and M. Liberman. The biradial TimeWarpingProblem From Continuous to Discrete. In Time Warps,String Edits and Macromolecules The Theory and Practiceof Sequence Comparison, pp. 125-161, Addison-WesleyPublishing Co., 1983.6 Matthew Syme , Philip Goldie Optimizing Network Performancewith contented Switching Server, Firewall and Cache Loadbalancing, Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN 0-13 101468-57 Anthony T.Velte, Toby J.Velte, Robert Elsenpeter, Cloud reason A Practical Approach, TATA McGRAW-HILL Edition22International Journal of Advances in Computing and Information ResearchesISSN 2277-4068, masses 1 No.2, April 20128 2010.Martin Randles, David Lamb, A. Taleb-Bendiab, A Comparative Study into Distributed9 Load Balancing Algorithms for Cloud Computing, 2010 IEEE 24th International Conference on Advanced Information Netwo rking and Applications Workshops. Mladen A. Vouk, Cloud Computing Issues, Research and Implementations, Proceedings of the ITI 2008 30th Int. Conf. on Information engine room Interfaces, 2008, June 23-26.10 Ali M. Alakeel, A Guide to Dynamic Load Balancing in Distributed ready reckoner Systems, IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, VOL.10 No.6, June 2010.11http//www03.ibm.com/press/us/en/pressrelease/22613.ws12http//www.amazon.com/gp/browse.html?node=2015900113 Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud http//aws.amazon.com/ec2/.14 M. Vlachos, M. Hadjieleftheriou, D. Gunopulos, and E.Keogh. Indexing Multi-Dimensional Time-Series with Support for Multiple Distance Measures. Proc. of SIGKDD, 2003.15 Keogh and C. A. Ratanamahatana. Exact indexing of dynamic time warping. Journal of Knowledge and Information Systems,2004.23

Media Essays Magazines Men Women

Media Essays Magazines Men Wo handsMagazines Men Wo man supplyLiterature Re facetMany scholars birth argued the media gambol an increasingly central role inwardly con maverick society, and the shaping of identities (Holmes, 2007 McRobbie, 2000). Kellner (1994, cited in Durham, 1995, p.2) argues the media provide some whizzs with the materials to forge their identity and sense of egohood including our nonions of antheral and effeminate and what it substance to be good or bad.As a medium, magazines stool not been studied in as often depth as newspapers, boob tube and radio. However they argon still an important cultural tool and a valuable medium to hire, with a unique function to bring high-value informative information to specificall(a)y defined, yet national audiences (Abrahamson, 1996, cited in Holmes, 2007, p.511).The analysis of ikons indoors magazines is a valid guidance of schoolinging gender drill roles and relations agree to Butler and Paisley (1980, p .49). They argue images formed from mediated precepts become part of a viewers conception of themselves. Vigorito and Curry (1998, p. 136) point out that fashionable culture is increasingly opthalmic, and that magazine pictures carry significant piths intimately cultural norms and values, including the norms of gender relations.In a take apart of the intense images featured in Playboy and Cosmopolitan, Krassas et al (2001, p.752) argue that images in spite of appearance magazines shake up a demonstrable effect on how we think about ourselves, and that they explicitly advise the reader about how to look and act. The following study that is pre plethoricly image-based analysis is thusly a legitimate and valid way of studying the sample material.Research into masculinity and manly depiction at heart wo custodys magazines has been scarce according to many scholars (Holmes, 2007 Farvid and Braun, 2006 Vigorito and Curry, 1998), with most research cogitate on the social constru ction of femininity (Vigorito and Curry, 1998, p.135). However, with an established theory that identifies gender as a social construct that defines masculinity as historically reactive to changing definitions of femininity (Kimmel, 1995, p.14), the study of the representation of custody and their roles within womens magazines has become increasingly significant. As Farvid and Braun (2006) explainThe center on men is particularly relevant because, in a heteronormative world, male and womanish k instantaneouslyledgeableities ar constructed simultaneously. Therefore, although previous examination of femininity/ effeminate gender in magazines dumbfound been useful, they atomic number 18 nevertheless partially complete, as female (hetero) familiarity is to a fault constructed through the magazines account of male (hetero) switch onuality (p.298).The following study relate with the cozy representation of men in contemporary womens magazines is therefore pertinent to existing theory. As the majority of studies ar too American and at least five years old, there is justification for a contemporary, English study on the grammatical genderual presentation of men in womens magazines.In his observation of womens magazines, Gauntlett (2002, p.51) notes that the assortments in content hold with societal changes in gender relations. The forties and 1950s saw the stress was centred on a domesticated simpering housewife, that saw education and c atomic number 18rs as the masculinisation of women. The 1960s saw the cozy revolution that marked the seeds of change within society and womens magazines. From this time the sexual longings of all women including the practiced and the unmarried, could openly be acknowledged and discussed (Wouters 1998, p.188). In the 1970s and 1980s magazines move to change, to account for women and their changing positions within society (Gauntlett 2002, p.52).Attwood (2004, p.15) argues since the 1990s popular media has depic ted new sexualities, which break existing norms of feminine behaviour by addressing women as knowing and relishful. McNair (2002, p.88) has also noted that we increasingly live in a striptease culture that is focused on sexual acknowledgment and self-revelation, that manifests itself within print media. On a broad level, the following study is touch with how this emerging sexual discourse within the media and society is manifested within womens magazines.Alongside changing societal values and incorrupts, there ar untroubled arguments suggesting the content of womens magazines can be directly influenced by the interests of advertisers. In the relentless search for new markets by advertisers, erotic images of men are designed to appeal to some(prenominal) liberated women as surface as the new male consumer (Rohlinger, 2002, p.61). In the 1990s, rumours circulated that womens magazine Company, had found a sales formula relating to circulation figures with the number of times the word sex appeared on the cover lines (Gough-Yates, 2003, p.139). Consumers that buy young womens magazines also have the most desirable demographic to advertisers young, single, employed, well educated and urban and are the most likely to buy a magazine for its musical compositioning of sex (Rohlinger, 2002, p.61).There is a general agreement that the content of womens magazines has reached a sexual peak in todays society. fire sets the tone, defines the pace, and shapes the whole environment of womens magazines (McRobbie, 1996, p.177). There is currently a lust revival, an acceleration in the emancipation of sexuality (Wouters, 1998, p.200). Winship (2000, p.43) argues sexual discourse, which was once a offstage dialogue, has been re-positioned in a public space, moving it from a private to a public discourse. Attwood (2004, p.15) supports this head, public debate that sexy images have become the gold of the day.Not only has the sheer volume of sexual reportage increas ed dramatically, Scott (1985, p. 387) points out that there has also been a complete ease of the treatment of sex within womens magazines. Sexuality has replaced romance as the ideologic focus with a more than pronounced emphasis on strong, frank, and explicitly sexual representations (McRobbie, 1996, p.192).With sexuality replacing romance as the ideological focus of womens magazines, Giddens (1992, p.1-2) argues sexuality has been released from the confines of a heterosexual, monogamous, procreative hegemony and has been replaced with sexual pluralism, a sexual identity defined and structured by individual choice. This individual choice and sexual pluralism can be seen within the pages of womens magazines as young women are actively encouraged to be sexual actors, even predators in their search for sex (Gauntlett, 2002, p.206).Gauntlett (2002, p.97) supports Giddens arguments for a post-traditional society, referring to the increased levels of disjoin and separation as indivi duals move from one relationship to another. Furthermore, Wouters (1998, p.208) argues there is now a sexualisation of love and an eroticisation of sex.With the liberalisation of womens magazines in spare of a more sexually confident standpoint, debates surround the change in attitude and treatment towards men in favour of an goalified, sexist sexual climax. Men, it has been argued, are no longer treated with respect but could be seen as inadequate, or the butt of jokes (Gauntlett, 2002, p.53). As Wolf (1994) explainsMale sexuality, once clothed in prohibitions that kept women from making comparisons, is under scrutiny, and the secrets of male virility are on display (p.24).After years of women complaining about the objectification of their bodies, the male body was on display cut up, close up and oh so tastefully lit (Moore, 1988, p.45). As womens magazines became more sexual, the availability of mens bodies as sex objects became central to this sudden discourse (Ticknell et a l, 2003, p.54). reappearance to the argument of womens magazines as a stage for demeaning and objectifying men, is the admission price this it is some matter mens magazines have been doing for decades, and since both sexes chooses to do so it likely doesnt matter in sexism terms (Gauntlett, 2002, p.174).Womens magazines also do not treat men as just bodies or sex machines all the time they are also presented as thoughtful, emotional beings (Gauntlett, 2002, p.188).Additionally, it could be argued that far from being an emergent discourse, the male appearance has been available for the view pleasure of women for centuries. In the nineteenth century, a mans tangible appearance was taken as a sign of intelligence and morality, and women were invited to view mens bodies as a sign of their superiority and amity (Stern, 2003, p.220).Despite evidence to suggest it is not a valid criticism that womens magazines objectify men the viewing of mens bodies in todays society is done so in a mainstream context, using mechanisms historically associated purely with men and how they look at women, signalling that, for the premier time, erotic spectacles had crossed gender boundaries (Moore, 1988, p. 47).Laura Mulvey, in her essay optical Pleasure and Narrative Cinema (1975), first introduced the conception of the male esteem Mulvey argued that mainstream Hollywood cinema primarily sets out to satisfy the unconscious desires of men. She argued that male characters do most of the looking within films, making them the (active) subjects, and female characters are looked at, making them the ( static) objects.Male spectators identify with the male protagonist, and female spectators, Mulvey says, are also compelled to take the viewpoint of the central male character, denying women of their own perspective. A temporary masculinisation is the only way Mulvey can offer pleasure for the women viewer. And era the male hero in the film cannot be viewed as a sexual object, accordin g to the principles of the ruling ideology, he can be admired by men narcissistically as an ideal version of the self (1975, p.14).Perhaps the biggest problem with Mulveys argument is the denial of a female see (Gauntlett, 2002, p.39). As Moore points out,To suggest that women actually look at mens bodies is apparently to stumble into a theoretical minefield which holds sacred the idea that in the dominant media the look is always already structured as male. (Moore, 1988, p.45).Support for Mulveys masculinised female viewing is found in Krassas et als (2001) comparative study of gender roles in Cosmopolitan and Playboy. The study concluded that both magazines reflected the male gaze, regardless of audience, because both portrayed women as sex objects and the main concept within both was the idea of women attracting and sexually satisfying men.Additionally, if gaze behaviour is characterised by the viewing of a passive object, Schauer (2005, p.57) argues men are often pictured in t raditional roles with power tools, hammers, army uniforms and so on, to show a engagement in an activity as a strategy to offset the passivity of being looked at. If this is the mooring, Mulveys framework of the gaze cannot be applied to women.However, since their earliest days, movies have included and celebrated attractive men whose sexual magnetism has no doubt drawn women into cinemas (Gauntlett, 2002, p.39). Since Mulveys argument, various writers have argued for the inclusion of the female spectator within the framework of the gaze and Gauntlett describes Mulveys argument as untenable (2002, p.39).Van Zoonen (1994, p.97) argues Mulveys analysis of senile cinema is bleached and suffocating, which has lost ground to an alternative more confident and empowering approach to female spectatorship that allows a subversive way of viewing the texts. Moore (1988, p.59) also makes the case for a female gaze, arguing that it does not simply replicate a monolithic and masculinised stare , but instead involves a whole variety of looks and glances an interplay of possibilities.Attwood (2004, p.15) argues that in todays society, objectification is a necessary precondiction for erotic gazing in a narcissistic culture where the body is widely represented as an object for display. In this climate, there is a strong encouragement for a female gaze and the creation of a space for male narcissism (MacKinnon, 1997, p.190). Therefore, securing the gaze of others implys desirability and self-importance for both women and men (Attwood, 2004, p.15). It could be argued therefore, that womens magazines may provide a stage for the objectification of men which in a narcissistic culture is both inevitable and desirable.The following study is concerned with whether there is evidence of a female gaze within womens magazines that fits within Mulveys framework of gaze. Thus, whether men are actively viewed by women as passive objects. Furthermore, Mulvey points out that the appearance of women are often coded for strong visual and erotic impact, so that they can be said to connote to-be-looked-at-ness (1989, p.10). This element give be analysed in the examination of the images of men within the three chosen magazines to discover if men display the same visual codes and therefore imply they are receiving a female gaze.The growing absorption with sex and male bodies within womens magazines has come under much debate by theorists, with one of the most passionately critical arguing they are morally reprehensible, offering a depressing portrait of the new British woman (Anderrson and Mosbacher, 1997, p.18). Women were described as dishonest and crude, with no moral standard at all (p.56).Women can be, once corrupted, both more disgusting and degraded than men. As Shakespeare said, Lilies that fester smell far worsened than weeds. (Burrows in Anderrson and Mosbacher, 1997, p.57)Despite the passionate and dramatic way the report denounced the content of womens magaz ines and their sexual content, the arguments put forward were branded as outdated and rigid, with the overwhelming consensus agreeing that the liberalisation and sexualisation of magazines were, although not perfect, a good and liberating thing nonetheless.Magazines borrow from libber discourse, which imply to their readership a genuine commitment to the comparability of men and women in their sexual worth (Tyler, 2004, p.96). The depictions of female sexuality are an empowered one, as there are representations of young women as sexually active and independent with the business to desire sex and receive sexual pleasure. The magazines can therefore be seen as sexually liberating and offering an image of sexual agency for women (Farvid and Braun, 2006, p.299).The main elements and issues covered by womens magazines all figure high in the libber agenda, and confirm that womens magazines strive to provide an image of equality (McRobbie, 1999, p.57).Others argue however, that regardl ess of the emergent sexual discourse which implies womens magazines provide a feminist message for readers the obsession with men in the magazines reinforce an ahead notion that believes men are the way to happiness, and in reinforcing this attitude, they are legitimising and naturalising patriarchal domination (Farvid and Braun, 2006, p.296).The ideological underpinnings conform to rigid and traditional norms. These constructions position women as objects of male desire and underscore womens subordinate position in contemporary society (Durham, 1995, p.18).Furthermore, it has been argued that womens magazines use sex as a faade to represent women as dangerous and daring through sex when in fact, the sexual acts represented are only mildly transgressive, and are actually based on traditional gender roles (Machin and Thornborrow, 2003, p.455).The theory of womens magazines presenting traditional and stereotypical gender roles in the subtle undertones of the magazines, mirrors the panorama theorists felt about womens magazines in the 1940s and 1950s that they projected the image of a simpering housewife. Admittedly the captivate roles for men and women were referred to more explicitly in those times, however it still implies that both present essentially the same message that men are the route to happiness (Klassen et al, 1993).Goffmans (1979) study into gender stereotypes within advertisements commented on how antithetical poses portray messages about masculinity and femininity. He found that women were often portrayed in very stereotypical ways, such as in groveling or family roles and in lower physical and social positions than men (Baker, 2005, p.14). A number of theorists adopted his methods for analysing magazine images, all of which supported his findings that gender is sterile within images with women portrayed as submissive and passive, and men as dominant and superior (Kang, 1997 Klassen et al, 1993 Krassas et al, 2001 Vigorito and Curry, 1998). Similarly, Kim and Ward (2004, p.48-49) argue that womens magazines skew the portrayal of males and females to their object lens audience so that editors, writers and advertisers can take advantage of gender myths and fears.In contrast to this traditional view of gender is McRobbies (1999, p.50) argument that it is incorrectly assumed the ideology of the magazines will be draped in a direct way by readers. Hermes (1995, p.148) supports this argument suggesting that readers only connect with part of what a magazine is saying, and cultural studies makes the mistake of anticipate that texts are always significant.Additionally Gauntlett (2002, p.207) points out that the encouragement of women to be active in their search for sex is a rejection of passive femininity, and is feminist progress. He adds that while womens magazines may have a large proportion of content concerned with finding the right man, women are aggressively seeking out partners rather than waiting for a nice husband to come along (p.191). He therefore rejects the idea of women being presented as passive, subservient beings which is a traditional notion of femininity.The heraldic bearing of men as objects to be viewed by women is in itself also a way in which traditional gender ideologies is subverted within the magazines. This approach to men is traditionally only associated with the way men have treated women (Gauntlett, 1999, p.188).though there are convincing arguments for both sides of the argument that womens magazines all present a feminist message, or a traditional ideological message, most scholars agree womens magazines do not construct a single mythic meaning of feminine identity, or present one ideological position for their readers. Instead, the discourses of womens magazines are mixed, somewhat contradictory (Bignell, 1997, p.56-57).The oppositional arguments ring the tip to which gender is presented within womens magazines leads McRobbie (1994, p.163) to believe there are spa ces for negotiation within womens magazines, and that they bring half a feminist message to women that would not otherwise receive it.In support of this, Hollows (2000, p.195) argues the feminist messages that are within womens magazines produce spaces where meanings can be contested, with results that susceptibility not be free of contradictions, but which do signify shifts in regimes of representation.Within the following study I wish to identify to what extent gender is portrayed as stereotypical and traditional, and how this is negotiated within the emergent sexual discourse of the magazines, specifically in the objectification of men. Alongside this aim, I also wish to identify whether there is evidence of a female gaze in which men are presented in a way that implies they will receive an active sexual objectifying gaze.

Determination of coefficient of expansion of air

Determination of coefficient of intricacy of airINTRODUCTIONThis try is based on investigating the coefficient of amplification of air utilize a simple laboratory set up the stopper flask order, where air twinge is constant throughout the try. The increase in peck of a botcholine is directly proportional its temperature increase and is expressed as a fragmentary changed in dimensions per unit temperature change. Air result easily expand when it is heated and contract when it is cooled. The aim of the experiment was to* Determine the coefficient of elaborateness of air using a stoppered flask method.The flask was stoppered and a cryptic tube al minored interactions with the outside. The flask was heated in a beaker (with irrigate system) and then transferred nowadays to insentient irrigate where the cold irrigate was allowed to enter and air deep down the flask decreased. The sign and final intensitys of air and water was compute (directly or indirectly whi chever appropriate) and the coefficient was portendd from these.The experiment in its design allowed the calculation of the coefficient of enlargement of air to be 3.22 * 10-3 K-1. This was calculated at a temperature of 24oC and pressure of 1 atm, which gives a good approximation compared to the a priori lever of 3.37 * 10-3 at a temperature of 24 oC (297 K). THEORYDooley (1919) indicates that turgidnesses are said to be perfectly flexile because they vex no elastic limit and expand and contract equivalent under the action of heat. That is to say, every substance when in the gaseous arouse and not near its point of liquefaction has the same coefficient of involution, this coefficient being 1/273 of its volume for each degree Centigrade.He further goes on to say that since a gas contracts 1/273 part of its volume when its temperature is tear downed 1 C, much(prenominal) a rate of condensate would a priorily reduce its volume to correct at a temperature of 273 C. Sin ce all gases reach their liquefying point before this low temperature is attained, however, no such contraction exists. At the same time, it may be said that if heat is considered as a effect of the molecules of a substance, that motion is to be considered as having ceased when the temperature has reached 273 C.This is the expansion coefficient of an ideal gas.GAY LUSSACS LAWMadan (2008 81) indicates that the coefficient of expansion of a substance at any tending(p) temperature, t, is the small particle of its volume by which one cubic centimeter of the substance entrust increase when heated from to.* Gases are affected by changes of temperature in the same general way as liquids and solids, expanding when heated and contracting when cooled.* For a given change in temperature, they change in volume to a utmost greater extent than either liquids or solids.* All gases, at temperatures comfortably above their liquefying points, have practically the same coefficient of expansio n. This was first observed by Gay Lussac and Charles, and is a very remarkable one, and a great bank line to what has been noticed in the case of solids and liquids, each of which has its own special coefficient of expansion, oftentimes differing widely from those of others. EXPANSION AGAINST CONSTANT PRESSUREAtkins (2006 p35) indicates thatBy definitionAt constant pressureThis indicates that the work done is actually the difference amongst the final and initial volumes multiplied a unit of pressure (which is constant). one time fecal matter say therefore that a gas expands (independent of pressure) but dependent on temperature as given byMETHODMethod as per hand out, however, a small beaker with water was utilise to heat the flask and atmospheric pressure was used instead of reading the barometric top of the inning (which was not available).MATERIALS/APPARATUS Conical Flask (100 mL) Rubber Stopper coat Clip Short Glass Tube Heater Beakers (500 mL) 2 quilted Walled Rub ber Tube Thermometer (0 100oC) Electric Balance weight of flask + fittings136.4 + 0.1 gWeight of flask + fitting + water sucked in168.6 + 0.1 gWeight of water sucked in032.2 + 0.1 gWeight of flask + fittings + full water279.8 + 0.1 gWeight of full water143.4 + 0.1 gTemperature of boiling water103.0 + 0.1 oCTemperature of cold water024.0 + 0.1 oCAtmospheric Pressure1.00 atmVolume of gas 103.0 oC143.4 + 0.1 cm3Volume of gas 24.0 oC111.2 + 0.1 cm3DISCUSSIONThe experiment investigated the coefficient of expansion of air. This economic value was fix to be 3.22 * 10-3 experimentally. One would infer, at first glance, that the volume of air ab initio would have been the volume of the flask (100 mL), as the volume of a gas is the actual volume of the container. But why was the mass of the beaker found (filled with cold water)? Was it to give a better estimation of the volume of the air? By finding the volume using the constriction of water, it was found to be 143.2 cm3 which is a larg e difference compared to the 100 mL of the flask. Then one recognize that the flask was filled to the top close to the stopper itself, and therefore anticipate that the volume of air was 100mL would have been a grave mistake and reckon the volume by density was the best and hi-fi method to use.The experiment relies on the fact that the volume of a substance, in this case, air, is dependent on the temperature of the system. The flask (opened) was heated in boiling water, this was indirect heating of the flask, it allowed the intimate of the flask to be dry and consequently allowed the air to be dry. In addition, by heating the flask in boiling water, the temperature of the air privileged the flask increased as well (according to the zeroth law of thermodynamics), indicating that there will be some form of thermal equilibrium. At this point, the initial volume and temperature of the air will be obtained.The tube was closed with a clip and placed in the water at a lower temperatu re. The question that arises at this point is why was the clip closed? A logical assumption is that to disallow further interaction between the atmospheric air (at a lower temperature) and the flasks air (at a higher temperature), withal one can say that because of the temperature gradient, their will want to escape and in so doing create a thermal equilibrium between the two. The water was allowed to enter, to replace the air and thus the volume of air decreased. This method was preposterous in its design that it used a backward approach. Rather than obtaining the expansion of air from a lower to a higher temperature, it measured the contraction of the air from a higher to a lower temperature. In the end, the initial and final volumes and temperatures of the air being considered were obtained, and thus the coefficient was able to be calculated. deduction OF EXPANSION COEFFICIENTThe value memoriseed experimentally was 3.22 * 10-3. This can be termed a fractional change as it is v ery small (0.001th of a value 3.22). It can be inferred that this fractional change affects the volume of the sample when a rise in temperature occurs. It means therefore, that for every change in temperature from to to (t+1)o, the volume of air in one cm3 of air will increase by 3.22 * 10-3 at 1 atm (experimental condition). A small value of , indicated by Atkins (2006) implies that it responds weakly to changes in temperature i.e. the air responds weakly to changes in temperature which is important in life itself, as air responding strongly to temperature changes would be hazardous to our health, and may even result in cardiac arrests with sudden decreases in temperature (during pass time in north America and Europe among other places) and where there are heat surges.COMPARING EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL EXPANSION COEFFICIENTThe theoretical value of the expansion coefficient should be, since. The deviation is (3.37 * 10-3- 3.22 * 10-3) = 1.5 * 10-2. This deviation represented al most 4.66% of the theoretical value What can account for this deviation? It all leads to experimental errors, since pressure is constant. Obviously, by looking at the formula, the process of obtaining the final and initial volumes and temperatures will have an effect on the expansion coefficient. The volume of water sucked in may not have been at maximum due to hindrances in the tubing attached to the flask, or the water was not allowed to go in as fast as it should. Also, one can consider that the density of water used to calculate the volume of air after the water had been sucked in may have been different and hence affected the calculated the volume). All of these can contribute uncertainties to the coefficient of expansion and can be used to explain the difference observed.SOURCES OF ERRORS* The difference between the experimental and established determine is therefore attributed to factors such as temperature, volume, and the accuracy at which these values were obtained as des cribed above. * The density of water probably affected the results when it was used to calculate the final volume of air and initial volumes of air. * Within the limits of experimental error, the value ascertained was close to the theoretical value with only about 5% deviation.* The volumes and temperatures had uncertainties of + n, where n represented the volume and temperature. The final result of the coefficient had an uncertainty of 0.41%. LIMITATIONS * The method did not allow the calculations of the volumes and temperatures directly but indirectly. A direct method, if possible, would have contributed to a more accurate value of the coefficient of expansion.* The experiments were not repeated to ascertain different values of the volumes and temperatures. Averaging the values would have allowed a more accurate value of the temperatures and volumes and by extension the coefficient of expansion.ASSUMPTIONS* It was expect that air was ideal in nature and followed the ideal gas equ ation. Introduction of van der waals coefficient would have proved to be more tedious in calculating the coefficient of expansion of air.* It was assumed that the volume of dry air in the flask was the volume of the water in cm3. As mentioned previously, the water was filled to the top of the flask (close to the stopper), and expect 100mL would have been grossly inadequate contributing to more uncertainties and thus a more inaccurate value of the expansion coefficient.* It was assumed that rate at which the temperature and volume decreased when the flask was placed in the water allowed the expansion coefficient to be ascertained. This was very important, as it implied that the temperature affected the expansion and or contraction of air and water which ultimately enabled the calculation of the coefficient.CONCLUSIONWith reference to the aim, it can be concluded that the experiment in its design allowed the calculation of the coefficient of expansion of air to be 3.22 * 10-3 K-1. T his was calculated at a temperature of 24oC and pressure of 1 atm. BIBLIOGRAPHYAnand, A and Negi, S. A Textbook of strong-arm chemistry. USA John Wiley Sons, 1985.Atkins, shaft and De Paula, Julio. 2006. Physical Chemistry 8th Edition. USA W. H Freeman Company, 2006.Castellan and Gilbert. 1983. Physical Chemistry 3rd Edition. Massachusetts Addison Wesley Publishing Company, 1983.Chirlian and L.E. Chemistry 103 Home Page. division of Chemistry 103. Online Cited November 7, 2009. http//www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Chem/Chem103lc/chem103.html.Daley, Henry and OMalley, Robert. 1988. Problems in Chemistry 2nd Edition. USA CRC, 1988.Dooley, William. utilize Science for Metal Workers. USA Kessinger Publishing, LLC, 2008.Flowers and James. 2004. Cracking the MCAT with CD-ROM. USA Princeton Review, 2004.Haven, Mary, Tetrault, Gregory A and Schenken, Jerald R. 1994. research laboratory Instrumentation 4th Edition. USA Wiley, 1994.Kaufman, Myron. 2002. Principles of thermodynamics . USA CRC, 2002.Lide, David. 1993. Handbook of Chemistry and physical science 74th Edition. USA CRC, 1993.Madan, G.H. An Elementary Treatise on Heat. USA Law Press, 2008.Mortimer, Roger. 2008. Physical Chemistry 3rd Edition. Canada Elsevier Academic Press, 2008.Orme, T. A. An Introduction to the Science of Heat. USA BiblioLife, 2008.

Overview Of Clintons Impeachment Proceedings Essay -- William Jeffers

An Overview of the Impeachment Proceedings of William J. ClintonThe impeachment trial of President Clinton originated from a civil lawsuit filed in 1994 by Paula Jones. Jones alleged that in 1991 governor Clinton asked a state trooper to bring her up to his room at Excelsior Hotel, where she alleged he dropped his trousers and asked her to kiss it (Chronology of the Paula Jones Case, BBC, January, 1998). The case made it to the independent judgeship because of the Presidents request to delay the trial until the end of his term. The autonomous Court ruled that the trial could proceed, and Jones lawyers began their investigation. On December 5, 1997, Jones lawyers submitted a list of women that they would like to depose. Included on the list was the name Monica Lewinsky (The Impeachment Trial of President William Clinton, UMKC online, Linder, 2005).In 1995, twenty-one year old Monica Lewinsky began an internship at the White House. Six months later, firearm assigned to the West Wing, Lewinsky began a sexual relationship with the President. This relationship gnarly several sexual encounters that spanned from the fall of 2005 to the beginning of 2007 (Starr Report, Sect. II, CNN online, 1998). Not long after, came the authoritative Courts decision to allow the Paula Jones case to continue. In January of 1998, Attorney General Janet Reno petitioned the three-judge control panel in charge of Independent Counsel Kenneth Starr. The petition requested Starrs empowerment to conduct an investigation on whether anyone had committed a federal offence regarding Paula Jones sexual harassment lawsuit against President Clinton (Starr Speaks, Salon online, Starr, 1998, para.2). The Three venture panel granted the petition filed by Attor... ...At the end of William J Clintons presidency, although not impeached nor censured, he admitted to misleading testimony. Soon after this admission, in 2001, the atomic number 18 State Bar suspended his license to practice law for louver years and fined him $25,000. A few months later, the Supreme Court also move to suspend his license to practice law in front of the Supreme Court. Facing suspension, Former President Clinton resigned from the Supreme Court Bar. Referenceshttp//icreport.access.gpo.gov/hr611rh.txthttp//www.lib.umich.edu/govdocs/impeach.htmlhinquiryhttp//www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1998/11/03/ resource/house/roundup/ http//leahy.senate.gov/press/199902/990211ext.htmlIhttp//www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/resources/1998/lewinsky/defense/http//www.law.cornell.edu/background/impeach/censure.htmhttp//www.cnn.com/starr.report/

Cathedral Essay -- essays papers

Cathedral I wasnt enthusiastic about his call on the carpet. He was no iodine I knew. And his being wile bothered me (99) the teller tells us in Raymond carvers Cathedral. An old friend of the fabricators wife, Robert, is coming to visit them at their home. The storyteller is non at all pleased with this pip and lets us know it from the beginning. Throughout the story, the storyteller begins to see the blind valet de chambre in a different light and his mind-set begins to change to admiration.The fabricator seems to be somewhat jealous at first of the relationship among his wife and their visitor. He says, She told him everything, or it seemed to me (100). His wife had worked for the blind hu troopsity for angiotensin-converting enzyme summer ten years ago, yet she continued to communicate with him via tapes. The narrator must have felt some sort of envy towards the earth who knew much about his wifes life than he, her husband did.not ever having met or perso nally known anyone who was blind (102) left the narrator at a loss as to how this humanness was going to gestate or what they could do or talk about. He had read and hear things about the blind but Robert turned out to be none of these. The narrator thought dark glasses were a must for the blind (102) but Robert wore none. He had also heard blind men could not smoke because they could not see the smoke they exhaled but this blind man smoked his cigarette toss off to the nubbin and then lit another one (103).Slowly, the narrator becomes interested by how the blind man carries himself and his abilities despite his handicap. During the meal the three were having, the narrator remarks, I watched with admiration as he employ his knife and fork on the meat (103). After dinner, when they sit down to talk and hav... ...and had nothing in common except for the wife.A ring changes though and they come to share a lot more. When we begin the story, the narrator is shown as ignorant towa rds blind people. He does not know what to transmit or how to react to this strange man who does not act such(prenominal) like the narrators one-sided ideas of how a blind man should be. Robert is unique and the narrator soon starts to realize this. He begins admiring the capabilities that are more or less like his own. When they finish the picture of the cathedral, the narrator keeps his look closed. The blind man had given him a piece of himself and what it meant to be blind. In the end, they both give each other a special gift. The narrator gives the blind man a mental picture he coffin nail take with him about the way a cathedral looks to him. The blind man gives the narrator the gift of understanding and enlightenment.

Prepubescent Strength Training Essay -- essays research papers fc

STRENGTH procreation AND PREPUBESCENT YOUTHThe value placed on the importance of triumphant in professional sports has hit an all-time high. The astronomical amount of capital being spent in the entertainment field of sport has impose a win-at-all-costs psychicity that has trickled all the way down to negatively light upon our youngest athletes - the prepubescent. The athletic world has forever been exploiting our callowness as a descent of athletic potential, sacrificing the health, safety and welf be of these child-athletes to satiate the intense nationalistic conceit of the country and more dishearteningly in the name of the Almighty Dollar. This has caused coaches and athletes to induce drastic measures which are sometimes illegal and usually unethical in site to improve performance levels. One of the most controversial cooking practices vegetable marrow around the impact of strength training in prepubescent children.thither has recently been increasing scrutiny de bating the merits of strength training in our youth and more importantly the unsafe and unethical training practices that tend to be utilized in implementing strength training programs in all levels of critic athletics. These controversies have enabled many people associated in medical and exercise sciences to take a further look at the field of prepubescent athletics and their impact on the developmental patterns of the children involved. The research in the field has provided feedback regarding the physiological, mental and social make - negative and/or positive - that strength training influences over prepubescent growth and development.American society has entered into an era in which strength training has become the standard and most popular manner of keeping the musculature of the body in aesthetic shape. Fitness centers and personalized home gyms have emerged as important catalysts for people, providing everyone with equal opportunity and bonus to exercise and strength tr ain in safe and instructional settings. This seaworthiness boom along with the growing concerns and questions regarding the safety of prepubescent exercise has spurred several(prenominal) gatherings of pediatricians, fitness center owners, exercise physiologists and other related exercise scientists. Together, these groups are involved in active research studies, discussion of the methods, safety issues and effects of strength-training on prepubescent chil... ...ubescent strength training procedures.BIBLIOGRAPHYButursis, Duane. Prepubescent violence provision. subject area Strength and Conditioning Association. 1-7. 1994.Cahill, Bernard R. Proceedings of the Conference on Strength genteelness and the Prepubescent. American Orthopeadic Society for Sports medicament. 1-11. 1995.Dunn, George et al. National Strength and Conditioning Association. National Strength and Conditioning Association Journal. 7. 27-29. 1985.Faigenbaum, Avery D. Psychological Benefits of Prepubescent Streng th Training. Strength and Conditioning. 28-31. April, 1995.Metcalf, pack A. and Scott O. Roberts. Strength Training and the Immature Athlete An Overview. Pediatric Nursing. Vol. 19. 325-332. August, 1993.Michli, L.J. Strength Training in the Young Athlete. Competitive Sports for Children and Youth. 96-97. 1988.Rians, C.B., et al. Strength Training for Prepubescent Males. American Journal of Sports Medicine 15483-489. 1987.Sewall, R., et al. Strength Development in Children. (abstract). Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 16158. 1984.

Vegetarianism :: Healthy Lifestyle Essay

by Jello Biafra From I Blow Minds for a Living, save at Slims, San Francisco, Nov 21, 1990 Does anybody show up on that point know that for the first time in American record the U.S. Army was used in a fight operation against the American great deal? Right near here, up in Humboldt County ab forbidden cc miles north of San Francisco right near a town c all tolded Shelter Cove, stick this three- to four-hundred American G.I.s dressed with automatic rifles and fully build up for battle, fanned appear on maneuvers through the woods, backed up by a 12 Blackhawk attack helicopters. The mountain people up there were frightened out of their wits They thought there was a fightfare going on, particularly the ones that had soldiers kicking in the doors to their cabins and putting guns to their heads in apparent motion of their children. Why? Who was the resistance in this war? non the communists Not ibn Talal Hussein Hussein Not Earth number one or even the espy owl. No The rival they called out the army to put down, secretly, so just about people outdoor(a) of Humboldt would get alarmed as possible, it wasnt even a person or an army or a terrorist group It was a plant, the marijuana plant. And they genuinely did manage to find a few for the G.I.s to gimmick up, and then they had to go away in more from the government stash so the pile would scene big enough when they lit the bonfire for the vane TV discussion cameras, so that they could say "Yes Another triumph in the Drug warfare" Drug War. War. The American army sent to war against the American people. And were supposed(p) to feel relieved and secure and protected. Protected from what? A lot of people with more guts than Ill ever have risked their bearing and limb all last summer at the Earth First Redwood spend Action up in Humboldt County. They were chaining themselves to redwoods that were three times wider than they were, 800 years old, they were spread-eagled, as the saws b uzzed right over their heads. They stood in the dirt as the bulldozers charged them and halt right at their toes. Or people waved clubs at them, charged them with log trucks, shotguns, you name it. All to try to save some of the last sound virgin forest we have left anyplace in this province from being chopped down and turned into trough paper, TV Guides and the hebdomadary World News.Vegetarianism Healthy Lifestyle Essay by Jello Biafra From I Blow Minds for a Living, recorded at Slims, San Francisco, Nov 21, 1990 Does anybody out there know that for the first time in American history the U.S. Army was used in a war operation against the American people? Right near here, up in Humboldt County about 200 miles north of San Francisco right near a town called Shelter Cove, get this three- to four-hundred American G.I.s dressed with automatic rifles and fully armed for battle, fanned out on maneuvers through the woods, backed up by a dozen Blackhawk attack helicopters. The mountai n people up there were frightened out of their wits They thought there was a war going on, especially the ones that had soldiers kicking in the doors to their cabins and putting guns to their heads in front of their children. Why? Who was the enemy in this war? Not the communists Not Saddam Hussein Not Earth First or even the spotted owl. No The enemy they called out the army to put down, secretly, so few people outside of Humboldt would get alarmed as possible, it wasnt even a person or an army or a terrorist group It was a plant, the marijuana plant. And they actually did manage to find a few for the G.I.s to pull up, and then they had to fly in more from the government stash so the pile would look big enough when they lit the bonfire for the network TV news cameras, so that they could say "Yes Another triumph in the Drug War" Drug War. War. The American army sent to war against the American people. And were supposed to feel relieved and secure and protected. Protected fro m what? A lot of people with more guts than Ill ever have risked their life and limb all last summer at the Earth First Redwood Summer Action up in Humboldt County. They were chaining themselves to redwoods that were three times wider than they were, 800 years old, they were spread-eagled, as the saws buzzed right over their heads. They stood in the dirt as the bulldozers charged them and stopped right at their toes. Or people waved clubs at them, charged them with logging trucks, shotguns, you name it. All to try to save some of the last unspoiled virgin forest we have left anywhere in this country from being chopped down and turned into toilet paper, TV Guides and the Weekly World News.

archimedes :: essays research papers

ArchimedesArchimedes lived during 287? - 212 B.C. The nationality of Archimedes is Hellenic in which he was born in Syracuse, Sicily. (World 605). Archimedes attended a school in Alexandria, Egypt. He was trained by such greats as Conon and Eratosthenes. (Math 22)The area of work that Archimedes was knows for is his work in Geometry and uranology because his father was an astronomer. Archimedes is also known for Hydrostatics, static mechanics, pycnometry and he is called the father of total calculus. (MCS 1).His mathematical contributions are endless and are still use to this day. scratch there is his method of finding Pi, the ratio between the diameter and electrical circuit of a circle. This was greatly needed in his prison terms for builders dealing with commodious working of art. He also computed the area of a segment of a parabola. By using triangles he found them to be the pieces of Geometry. There is the Archimedean curl that is still used in Egypt to drain and fill farmland with peeing. It is a tube with a spiral screw that is turned and then the water enter the chambers and comes turn up the other side. Other remarkable works are the Sandreckoner that is where he starts a number system capable of expressing numbers up to 8x1016. He says this method can be used to numerate all the grains of sand in the world. He was also known for his maneuver of the catapult, which helped the Greeks with there Roman problems. (Math 24).Thing that helped and hindered Archimedes in mathematical greatness are concededly dealt with wars. Such as the Rome and Carthage war when the Romans decide to invade Syracuse. Archimedes used his math knowledge to come up with catapults and a large clamshell hooks, that where hooked to a lever that in turn lifted the ships out of the water and dropped them. One of the most different things that he did that dealt with the war was when they attack, Archimedes had the Greek men hold up special shaped shields that were focu sed on the ships and when the sun hit the shields the ships went up in flames this is also a novel that no one knows the truth to. This in turn helped and hinder him it make him come up with new ideas but he had no time to deal with other thing of non-war activities (Gap 7)

Walt Disney :: essays research papers

Walt DisneyWalt Disney was one of the noted motion-picture producers in history.He first became known in the 1920s and 1930s for creating such resume filmcharacters as rice paddy Mo drug abuse and Donald Duck. He posterior produced gas length vignette films, movies about wild animals in their natural surroundings, andfilms have human actors. Disney won 32 Academy Awards for his movies andfor scientific and technical contributions to filmmaking. He also gained famefor his development of theme parks.Walter Elias Disney was born on Dec. 5, 1901, in Chicago, Illinois. Hisfamily move to Missouri, and he spent much of his boyhood on a farm dearMarceline. At the age of 16, Disney studied art in Chicago. In 1920, he joinedthe Kansas City Film Ad Company, where he helped make vignette advertisements tobe shown in movie theaters.In 1923, Disney moved to Los Angeles to become a film producer ordirector. When he failed to find a job, he returned to producing cartoons.He set up his first studio in the rearward half of a real estate office. Forseveral geezerhood, Disney stuggled to pay his expenses. He gained success in 1928,when he released the first short cartoons that featured Mickey Mouse. Earlierfilmmakers had found that animals were easier to animate than people. MickeyMouse, drawn with a serial publication of circles, proved ideal for animation.In 1927, sound that had been added to motion pictures, and a cover formaking movies in color was developed a few years later. Disney and his staffmade imaginative use of sound and color. Disney himself provided Mickey Mouses vowelize for Steamboat Willie (1928), the first cartoon to use synchronized sound.His cartoon Flowers and Trees (1932) was the first cartoon in full Technicolor.From 1929 to 1939, Disney produced a cartoon series called SillySymphonies, which play in theaters along with new(prenominal) invigorate films featuringMickey Mouse and other characters, like Donald Duck, Goofy, and Pluto. After1924, Di sney actually did more of the drawing necessary for his animated films.His genius lay in creating, organizing, and directing the films.In 1937, Disney issued the first full-length animated feature film to beproduced by a studio, reversal White and the Seven Dwarfs. It became one of themost popular movies in history. Disneys later full-length animated filmsincluded Pinocchio (1940), Fantasia (1940), Dumbo (1941), Bambi (1942),Cinderella (1950), Alice in Wonderland (1951), Peter Pan (1953), gentlewoman and theTramp (1955), Sleeping Beauty (1959), 101 Dalmations (1961), and the Jungle Book(released in 1967, after his death). In 1950, Disney released Treasure Island,his first full-length movie to use only human actors.

Biography of Adolf Hitler Essay example -- essays research papers

Adolf HitlerIntroduction Hitler, Adolf (1889-1945), German political and military leader and one of the twentieth centurys most powerful rulers. Hitler converted Germany into a fully militarized parliamentary law and launched World War II in 1939. He made anti-Jewish civilization a top priority of his lies and policies and built the Nazi Party into a mass movement. He hoped to conquer the entire humans, and for a time reign most of Europe and much of North Africa. He founded sterilization and mercy killing measures to enforce his idea of racial purity among German people and caused the demises of millions of Jews, gipsy (Gypsies), Slavic people, and many others, all of whom he considered inferior.Early YearsAdolf Hitler was innate(p) in Braunau am Inn, Austria-Hungary, in 1889. Hitler had a comfortable childhood. His grades at schoolhouse were above average and it was decided that he would attend a secondary coil school that prepared students for further studies and emphasize d modern languages and technical subjects, at the school which was called a Realschule. However, Hitler and his breed strongly differed over his career plans. His father wanted him to enter the public service. Hitler insisted on becoming an artist. So Hitler did ailing in Realschule, having to repeat the first year and improving very gnomish from then on.During this time, Hitler began to form his political views a strong sense of German nationalism, the beginnings of anti-Jewish culture. Like many German-speaking citizens of Austria-Hungary, Hitler considered himself first and a pure German.The death of Hitler?s father in January 1903 changed everything. The family income was adequate to support Hitler, his mother, and his sister, but the absence of a dominant father figure alte... ... of Europe, the war hastened the end of compound empires and the emergence of the new Jewish state of Israel. It also brought about the humans of new international organizations like the United N ations that might prevent much(prenominal) wars in the future.Ironically, these developments were the exact opposite of what Hitler had hoped for. His ambition to make Berlin the capital of the world was not realized, and the enormous buildings he started designing for it in the 1920s were neer built. Hitler combined organizational and manipulative talents with great cunning. He was simultaneously ghost with fantastic visions and blinded to reality by those very visions. However, many Germans shared at least a portion of those visions. This support made it realizable for Hitler to use the resources of Europes second largest population and most advanced economy to hire his dreams.

Planned Change Essay -- Organizational Development, Change

Planning according to the class nones (Dr. Smith, mental faculty 5) and Stojkovic et al (2008) is a general application of the notion of planned change. plan change is made up of a number of behaviors intended to switch individuals, groups, and organization structure and practice (Stojkovic et al, 2008). Although on that point are several elements of a planned change four of them include innovation and accepting problems, overcoming organisational decision making routines, looking to the future, and continues commitment.First planned change mandates benefit and acknowledges troubles as prospects to pursue real development in an agencys performance. However, Warren (1997) points out that planned change is not an inactive answer to organizational climate stress or minimal attempt to come down organizational strains (Stojovic et al, 2008). Nevertheless, this type of effort is what is usually seen throughout criminal evaluator agencies. For example, correction facilities ar e well known for changing titles like guards to corrections officers, convicts to inmates and so on (Stojkovic et al, 2008). To avoid this passive type of change in that location needs to be a more proactive change apply in the agency. For example, several law enforcement agencies have put into practice a program called Compstat that requires command staff to study patterns of crime, set calculable objectives to falloff crime, and build up plans to decrease crime in the studied areas (Stojkovic et al, 2008).The befriend element is overcoming organizational decision making routines. These routines for example, include the garbage rouse solution which states that individuals in an organization have favorite solutions already gestate that are waiting for problems to... ...ats for the officers. Thus, if the officer feels he/she will be hellish for any mistakes they will tend to shift most of the responsibility to their passe-partout making them adhere to old policy and pra ctices (Stojkovic et al, 2008). Moreover, if there is not a good line of communication and decision making is centralized, members will be less reluctant to participate in the change process. This will not be healthy for the organization because there will not be a healthy feedback from the members regarding the efficiency of the new program. This could eventually be the demise of the new program. As one can see it is hard to pull in an organizational climate that is productive and open to change, and more so if there is conflict within the organization. For this reason each step should be imagination about and planned for in dealing with the organizations climate.

Internet :: essays research papers

Last December the express and package delivery devil announced that it had taken an equityposition in NetCel360, a supplier of business-to -business e-commerce solutions forcompanies operating in the Asia Pacific region. The investment was made through UPSs strategical Enterprise Fund, established in 1997 to invest in new markets and emergetechnologies.The alliance hopes to provide the sort of add-chain transparency in Asia that is available inother parts of the world. "One of the reasons for NetCel and UPS getting together is toprovide ripe supply-chain integration," said Peter Winslow, managing director of UPSWorldwide Logistics for Asia Pacific. "People expect to eat up information available at everypoint along the chain. directly that is not available in the region."NetCel360 was founded in 1998 by Phillip E. Kelly, who previously had regorge in 14 years atMotorola followed by a expunge to Dell Computer in 1994. At Dell, Kelly was in charge of theAsia P acific region where he built up a made-to-order, direct sales operation similar to theDell infrastructure in the United States. In the process, he became aware of the uniquechallenges faced by companies seeking to flip ones wig their Internet-based operations in thediverse and complex region."The Internet market in the U.S. is built upon a significant infrastructure that was built up bydirect sales and catalog guys," said Kelly. "Asia Pacific does not book the same infrastructureto enable e-commerce."Its going to need one, though. Kelly said e-commerce in the region is expected to grow from$3.3 billion in 1998 to over $ deoxycytidine monophosphate billion by 2003, while the number of Internet users isexpected to sum up from 30 million to over 100 million. To capitalize on that harvest-time rate,Kelly founded NetCel360 in 1998 to provide one-stop outsourcing services and helpcompanies establish pan-Asian relationships along their supply chains. Services include w ebconsulting and design, field repair capabilities, call centers, node interface and a full rangeof financial and translation services.Kelly is optimistic on Asia. The economic crisis has largely abated, he said, and money andoptimism are move to the region. Partnering with UPS Logistics Group, one of the leadersin global logistics and supply-chain management solutions, is also give for joy. "Asia Pacificis so diverse and government regulations are so immense said Kelly. "There are different currencylanguages for each of 50 countries. Its not like moving product from Arizona to Tennessee.UPS provides full logistics crosswise the region. Thats the critical component of our alliance."Kelly cited credit card payments as an example of the difficulties of doing e-commerce in

Does Money Buy Happiness?, by Don Peck and Ross Douthat :: Money and Happiness Essays

Erikas sweet sixteen is today, and her parents bought her a brand new car. She pulls into the informs parking lot and flaunts about how her parents non only got her a car, but also a trip to Italy. People start to passport away, even some of her trump friends. As the day goes on, her friends have non talked to her since morning. Fed up, Erika asks them what is wrong. Kristie, one of her friends, tells her how they cannot stand listening to her talk about her splashy gifts anymore. When Erika gets home from school, her mom asks her what is wrong. It is then she realizes what her friends were trying to say and tells her mother she does not want the car anymore. Her mother, astounded, asks why not and gets a reply of notes cannot buy friends, nor can it buy enjoyment. According to Does money Buy triumph, by Don get a line and Ross Douthat, they disagree with the connection between money and mirth. Happiness is a feeling adults experience when the y receive a gift, win something, and sundry(a) other reasons, but does money buy this happiness everyone experiences? Don Peck and Ross Douthat claim money does buy happiness, but only to a extremum in their article which origin everyy appeared in the Atlantic Monthly (252). end-to-end their article, reasons on why money can sometimes buy happiness are explained. While some of the reasons given are effective, not all are satisfying answers for adults working diligently to make a living. Money is a part of everyones life, yet it is not always the eccentric of happiness. One reason described to be a cause of happiness is income. Don Peck and Ross Douthat indicate how, National income appears to be one of the best single predictors of overall well-being, explaining perhaps 40 percent of the difference in contentment among nations (352). With this statement, comes the explanation of how income can influence happiness in adults who accomplish to earn a living. Researc h illustrates how, For individual countries, with few exceptions, self-reported happiness has change magnitude as incomes have risen (Douthat 352). While these two statements provide enough evidence for the reason of income bringing happiness, income itself is not relevant.

The Character of Lady Macbeth :: GCSE Coursework Macbeth Essays

The Character of Lady Macbeth The character of Lady Macbeth is a complex angiotensin converting enzyme, on that point is much that can be said regarding the juxtaposition of ideas concerning her behavior. Within this try I shall attempt to elaborate on her forceful, selfish and contradictory character. Samuel Johnson at heart The Plays of Shakespe atomic number 18 highlights how ambition of a protagonist leads to detestation on the part of the lecturers Or in other words an ambitious reputation can be used as a tool by the playwright to bring forth a sense of loathing and dislike amongst the audience. The dangers presented by ambition are well described In Shakespeares sequence, it was necessary to warn credulity against null and illusive predictions. These passions are directed to their true end. Lady Macbeth is merely detested and though the courage of Macbeth preserves some esteem, yet every reader rejoices at his fall. (133) In Memoranda Remarks on the Character of La dy Macbeth, Sarah Siddons comments on the Ladys cold manner Macbeth announces the Kings approach and she, insensible it should seem to all the perils which he has encountered in battle, and to all the happiness of his safe return to her, -- for not one kind word of greeting or congratulations does she offer, -- is so completely swallowed up by the horrible design, which has probably been suggested to her by his letters, as to maintain forgotten both the one and the other. (56) In his book, On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy, H. S. Wilson describes the role of Lady Macbeth Professor Kittredge used to point step up to his classes that Lady Macbeth, in urging Macbeth to act, uses the three arguments that every wife, some time or other, uses to every husband You promised me youd do it Youd do it if you loved me If I were a man, Id do it myself But Macbeths mind is made up by her assurance that they may do it safely by fixing the crime upon Duncans chamberlains. (72) L.C. Knight s in the essay Macbeth describes the unnaturalness of Lady Macbeths words and actions Thus the sense of the unnaturalness of evil-minded is evoked not only be repeated explicit references (natures mischief, nature seems dead, Tis unnatural, even like the deed thats done, and so on) but by the mental synthesis of unnatural sentiments and an unnatural violence of tone in such things as Lady Macbeths invocation of the spirits who will unsex her, and her affirmation that she would massacre the babe at her breast if she had sworn to do it.

Exploring the Transformation of Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca in The Narra

In The Narrative of Cabeza de Vaca, Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vacas fight for endurance, part being deprived of the basic necessities of life, proves there is a change in him from the beginning of the story to the end. This transformation, though, affected multiple aspects of de Vaca, including his motives, character, and perspective of civilization. Cabeza de Vacas live on is crucial to the history of America, as well as Spain, because it was one of the start accounts that revealed a certain equilibrium between the mighty and superior Spaniard and the Indian, at once the Spaniard was stripped of his noble stature. The idea of nakedness is consistent throughout the narrative and conveys the tribulations he experienced and a sort of balance between him and the Indians. The archetype intentions of mortifying and populating the area between Florida and a northern part of Mexico quick shifted Cabeza de Vacas focus to the need to survive. His encounter with opposite Indian tribes an d baron to get along with them (no matter what the means), and then prosper as a medicine humankind, shows that through his beliefs in Christian faith, and in himself, he glowering the failure into an unexpected success.The nature of the Narvaez expedition was intended to be equivalent that of any other Spanish exploration to the New World. Panfilo de Narvaez, who was selected as governor of Florida and who financed the expedition, was also appointed the commander in chief by emperor Charles V. Cabeza de Vaca was appointed royal treasurer of the voyage for his brightness and noble character. The Spaniards were to conquer the land of Florida in the name of the Charles V and the nation of Spain. They expected to sign up on and overcome any natives who got in their way and to reap all in all of the wealth and materials of worth that they came across. When the ships arrived at the western coastline of Florida, they were greeted with a storm. This was just a sign of things to com e for the fleet. The storm forced the ships to land at a different bay than what they planned on. From this point the governor wanted to last inland and explore the terrain. Meanwhile he also wanted the ships to navigate along the coast until they reached the correct bay. This commenced the downfall of the conquest.Cabeza de Vaca, as well as the commissary and other elites on the expedition, tried to persuade the governor that ... ...survival. Cabeza de Vaca cannot thank deity enough for carrying him through the terrible times that he and the few rest Spaniards went through as captives of the Indians. He feels a sort of accomplishment for do it through and comes out with a better appreciation for life. After experiencing what it was exchangeable to have been an Indian and a slave, and after being on the boundary of death several times, the fact that Cabeza de Vaca was able to keep his composure and meditate each day at a time is astonishing. Of course, like a worthy Christia n, Cabeza de Vaca gives God all of the credit in the world for his survival and success. However, it is Cabeza de Vacas faith in himself and determination that allow him to survive and go through the changes that he makes. It is almost a riches to rags, and back to riches story. However, the riches at the outcome of the expedition are far different from the riches going in. These new riches are not metric in gold or land, but in the appreciation for serviceman life and the struggle for survival which made a better man out of him. Work CitedAlvar Nunez Cabeza De Vaca. The Narrative of Cabeza de Vaca University of Nebraska Press, 2003.

Essay --

The hatful around us feature experiences great and unfor get downtable. I was oblivious to this fact before my first on the whole independent summer hop out for triple weeks. In the past, I forever and a day traveled with my parents. They were all great vacations but they were not computer programmened or controlled by me. It was all up to my mom. This time, however, I was the one who plant the prospect to go to the seaside with a group of young people and take place 21 days there. My parents were happy to let me go on this trip as they also saw it as an exciting opportunity. It was up to me to plan it all on my own. I learned about the surroundings of the field of battle I was to go to, the organization which planned the trip, got to know the people and found a way to get there. You could say that this was part of my road to independence. The deadline to get everything ready was quite short, so I was mostly just essay to get all of my things together and not building an y expectations for the trip. This was believably also an important part of why it had influenced me so much. I was uncivil for anything. Nevertheless, the trip ended up a bit expensive for my family and on my road to the seaside, I was feeling very doubtful about having make my family spend so much money on me. Then I arrivedOne may think that three weeks is not that long, but three weeks with 50 new completely different people from different separate of the world is quite something. It took almost a whole week to unless remember their names. The very first evening we had together, we all went to a caf in the center and it had karaoke. After having sung in a choir for a big part of my childhood, this is something I totally enjoy. I was the first jolly one to come out and sing Mamma Mia by Abba. It has kick the bucket a trad... ...y emotional state. It made me more independent and taught me the true value of relationships. in that location was much discussion among participa nts about the organization of the trip. Many negative sides and mistakes were brought up. irrespective of all of this, the trip even now seems completely amazing and pulseless to me. It was not because of the accommodations we had or the food we ate. The people made the trip what it was. The people gave me unforgettable memories and let me experience completely new emotions. Thank you to for each one and one of them for being part of that summer for me. Once I got home, my life started to change bit by bit. I continued long conversations with the blackguard I met and by spring the next year I got a job. That job allowed me to visit over six people from that summers trip. This experience inspired me to change my life and thus changed the inevitable future.

The Eyes Motif in the Works of D.H. Lawrence :: Biography Biographies Essays

The Eyes Motif in the workings of D.H. Lawrence D.H. Lawrences short stories The Shadow in the Rose Garden, The Prussian Officer and The fresh Stocking possess an look motif. This motif, along with a variety of other motifs, argon used throughout the works of the author and adds depth to the stories. The Shadow in the Rose Garden possesses an center motif. The eyeball as a window to the soul is an ever present reference in this work. First, Lawrence notes the china-blue eyeball of Mrs. Coates, who is a delightful, erect old lady. (70) Later, when the recent wo human beings sits down on the terrace in the garden in front of the white roses and sees the man in front of her, she notices his eye. Lawrence write She looked up, blanched to the lips, and saw his eyes. They were glowering, and st bed without seeing. They were not a mans eyes (73). The young woman was greatly disturbed by the man whose eyes stared without seeing. After they began talking, the young woman noticed th at his eyes were the glistening, strange black eyes that she had loved (74). This deranged man she was talking to reminded her of a man she once loved, who is not her husband because Lawrence makes reference to his brown eyes (75). Therefore, Lawrence writes, Her eyes searched him, and searched him, to see if he would recognize her, if she could discover him. You dont know me? she asked, from the terror of her soul, stand alone (p.74). These lines incorporate the theme of the eyes as a window to the soul. The young woman tries to reach the disturbed mans soul by searching his eyes. The eye motif in The Shadow in the Rose Garden piece of tail also be found in The Prussian Officer. Many references are made to the eyes of the older Captain and the younger great in Officer. Lawrence describes the characters eyes when he writes,The eyes of the two men met, those of the younger turned and dark, doggedly unalterable, those of the elder sneering with restless contempt (5). This comes a fter the orderly becomes more aware of his Captains affections and starts to show off with his girlfriend a teensy more. Future lines in the story also carry the theme of eyes as a window to the soul The withering smile came into the Captains eyes .

Twelfth Night Essays: Three Types of Love -- Twelfth Night essays

Three Types of fuck in one-twelfth Night In the vivify ordinal Night, Shakespe are explores and illustrates the emotion of cognize with precise detail. According to Websters New World Dictionary, screw is defined as a strong affection or liking for someone. Throughout the play Shakespeare examines three different types of hunch over lawful love, egotism love and friendship. Twelfth Night consists of a large number of love triangles, however numerous of the char biteers who are tangled up in the web of love are blind to see that their emotions and feelings toward other characters are untrue and based hardly on falsification. They are being deceived by themselves and/or the others around them. in that respect are certain instances in the play where the emotion of love is true, and the two people involved feel very strongly toward one another. Violas love for Orsino is a cracking example of true love. Although she is pretending to be a man and is virtually unknown in Ill yria, she hopes to win the Dukes heart. In act 1, scene 4, Viola lets out her true feelings for Cesario, yet a barful encounter Whoeer I woo, myself would be his wife (1). That statement becomes true when Viola reveals her true identity. Viola and Orsino had a particularly good friendship, and making the switch to hubby and wife was easy. Viola was caught up in another true love scena... ... Tobys company because he always lifts his spirits and makes him feel like a true knight. Love is a ubiquitous theme within literature. Love plays a major role in Twelfth Night, and Shakespeare addresses true love, self love, and friendship in a very compelling and interesting way. Twelfth Night helps the reader form their own definition of love, and Shakespeare does a great job of explaining a topic with many dimensions. Work Cited and Consulted David, R. W., ed. The Arden Shakespeare Loves Labours Lost. London Methuen, 1951. Shakespeare, William. The Norton Shakespeare. change Stephen Gree nblatt et al. New York W. W. Norton & Company, 1997.