Knowledge of Causative Agent of Tuberculosis Among Patients

Knowledge of Causative Agent of terbium Among PatientsKnowledge of conducive divisor of tebibyte among TB patients in Jaipur district (Rajasthan).Dr Shobha Tomar, Resident Community, Medicine,NIMS aesculapian College , Jaipur.Dr Dharmendra Mandarwal, sponsor Professor, Community Medicine,NIMS Medical College , JaipurDr Brajesh kumar chahar, Assistant Professor(statistics), Community Medicine,NIMS Medical College , JaipurDr. Sumit Ahluwalia, Demonstrator, Community Medicine,NIMS Medical College , JaipurABSTRACT Background terbium is known since ages and its activating(prenominal) agent was discovered eight to nine decades ago and unsounded misconception is make up regarding its realise in india. India is facing TB epizootic at present. Objectives to assess the knowledge of TB patients regarding causative agent of the disease. Results Total three hundred TB patients participated in the test, 75% were male and 25% were female, 60% were married and 25% were unmarried 15% we re widow or widower, 77% were hindu and 22% were muslim,49% were literate and 51%were illetrate, 59% patients belonged to amicable discriminate 4. 56% of patients knew the causative existence, 72% of the female dont know the causative agent. 71% to 73% literate patients knew more or less the causative agent. vileness midriff(56%), past sins(52%) were main myths as consume of TB. Lower socio economic caste had much myths about the causative agent (23% in class 4) (58% in class 5). Conclusion In poor country alike(p) india emphasis must be stipendiary regarding aw areness of terabit among poor and low socioeconomic group people and patient.KEYWORDS Tuberculosis, knowledge, myth.IntroductionTuberculosis kills more people in economically productive age group greater than any other infectious disease worldwide. Tuberculosis al superstar kills more people than malaria and AIDS combined. Women death due to maternal mortality rate lies second to tuberculosis, such is the mag nitude of problem worldwide.Tuberculosis is turning out to be greatest epidemic of this century, so great is the concern about tuberculosis epidemic.The problem of tuberculosis is acute in ontogeny countries which accounts for three fourth of cases in the world. The impact of tuberculosis is greatest on poor 99.00% of deaths and 95.00% of all cases occurring in developing and poor countries. The majority of people affected by tuberculosis are in economically active age group. Tuberculosis and poverty go hand in hand people who are poor get tuberculosis and people who get tuberculosis becomes poor1.In developing countries still parcel number of tuberculosis patients goes undiagnosed. There has been over all increase in absolute number of tuberculosis cases during last 30 years because of population explosion during this period2.Tuberculosis is the oldest known disease to mankind and is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. The causative organism was discovered long back but myths r egarding cause of tuberculosis is still prevalent not only in general population but in like manner among the TB patients.AIMS AND OBJECTIVESThe present landing field aims to study knowledge of TB cases regarding causative agent of tuberculosis and myths cogitate to its causality.MATERIAL AND METHODS layover of studySurvey was conducted from 1st January 2013 to 30th Dec, 2013 for a period of 1 year.Sampling unitsStudy was conducted on the tuberculosis patients of the Jaipur treatment unit at DTC and at 20 loony toonsS entersArea of studyThe present study was conducted as District tuberculosis centre and randomly selected DOT centres of Jaipur treatment unit. Patients attending DTC and DOTs centre to which they belonged to.Sampling TechniqueDuring the period of study a totality of 173 TB patients were registered for treatment at District TB centre Jaipur of which 167 were include in the study while 6 refused to participate in the study.Tuberculosis unit Jaipur at the time of study had 415 DOTs providers of which 5% i.e. every twentieth DOTs provider was include for study by using systemic random ingest technique i.e. choosing every 20th DOTs provider from the available list. Thus this figure came to be 20 DOTs provider out of 415. During the period of study 133 TB patients were taking treatment from these 20 DOTS provider and these 133 patients were taken up for the study. Thus the total sample size came to be 167+133 = three hundred (167 form DTC and 133 from DOTs provider).Technique usedThe study was conducted by taking interview of TB patients attending DTC and DOTs centre.Data were collected in pre designed and pre tested proforma.All the details of TB patients, which included socio-demographic and clinical compose of the patient such as age, sex, marital position, religion, education, occupation, socio-economic condition etc. Clinical profile consisted of symptoms of tuberculosis, past history, family history, diet, bowel habits BCG vaccination etc. Environmental factors such as type of housing was also taken in account. Revised B G Prasad classification was used to determine the social class of the tuberculosis patient in the present study.Knowledge of the causative agent of tuberculosis patients regarding their disease and myths regarding causation was studied in pre tested proforma.OBSERVATIONSSocio-demographic characteristics of TB patients elude shows 75% of TB patients are male and 25% female. Most of the cases are in age group 15-39yr i.e. 63.9%. Married constitutes about 60% of the cases and among illiterate 48.67%. TB is more common among labourers. accede 2 comment showing cases distribution according tosocial class area of residenceAbove control board indicates that 258(86%) patients belong to urban and urban slum in this studyTable 3Distribution of cases according to theknowledge of causative organism2 = 28.72 df = 1 pTable shows that 55.67% had knowledge about causative organism. 64.89% of males and 28.00% of females had knowledge about causative organism.44.33% cases had no knowledge about causative organism 72.00% female and 35.11% males had no knowledge about causative organism.The difference was statistically significant.Table 4Correlation between awareness about TB causative organismsand literacy2 = 16.41 df = 4 p Observation in this table shows that 73.91% and 71.42% of TB cases with literacy status of sr. secondary and graduate respectively knew about causative agent. 34.72 and 59.61% of cases who were primary and secondary educated knew about causative organism. Knowledge about causative organism among illiterate was set up to be 56.84%. The difference was statistically significant..Distribution of TB cases as per literacy status Table 5 Observation showing myths among tuberculosis casesTable shows that 56.66% of the respondents ststed evil eye, 52.00% of the respondents considered past sins as the cause of tuberculosis. Respondents gave eight-fold response regarding myths a bout tuberculosis cause.Table 6Observation showing myth about disease in relation to social class2 = 7.56 df = 4 p 0.05Observation in this table shows that 53.67% cases had myth about disease as the social class rose the percentage of cases with myth declined. It was 8.75% in social class II. While it was 23.35% and 58.08% in social class IV and V.The difference was statistically non significant. discussionPresent study is an attempt to explore various socio-demographic factors and knowledge of TB patients regarding the causative agent of the disease, factors like personal habits were not taken. Study was carried out in 300 patients of tuberculosis attending DTC and DOTS provider.Age break-up of 300 patients revealed that maximum number of them i.e.36.60% belonged to age-group of 15-29 yrs followed by 27.30%in the age group of 30-39yrs. The observation suggest that about 2/third of the patients belonged to active age group for earning and productivity Shrivastav et al (1977)7 and A rya VR (2000)6 also put together majority of patients at a lower place 40yrs. Mohamed et al (2007)15 in his study found 60.8% of respondents belonged to age group 20-39 years.75.00% of the patients were male and 25.00%female. Male, female ratio existence 31. Gopi et al (1978)10 also found prevalence of tuberculosis three times higher in males than in female. Chaterjee et al (2000)5 also found about three quarter of patients world male and one quarter being female. ICMR (1959)3 also found Male- female ratio of tuberculosis patients to be 31.Of the total 300 patients one third i.e. 33.34% were from urban area and more than half (52.60%) were from urban slums. 14.00% of the patients were from rural areas. Chaddha et al (1977)8 and Srivastav et al (1977)7 also found maximum patients belonging to urban slums (47.70% and 44.00% respectively).77.00% of the patient were Hindus 22.33% Moslem. Shah M J (1993)9 found tuberculosis to be 70.40% Hindus and 26.00% Muslim Gopi et al (1997)4 a nd Laring R D (1995)8 found higher number of Muslim patient i.e. 32.80% and 35.60% respectively.Observation from literacy status of tuberculosis cases indicate that about half 48.60% were illiterate another 24.00% were literate upto primary level. Only 27.33% of patients were literate upto secondary level or above. Chaddha et al (2000)8, Gopi et al (1997)4 and Shah M J (1993)9 also found that maximum numbers of patients to be illiterates (39.00%, 58.60% and 58.30% respectively). Damor D, Singh MP (2012) 16 in their study found that 31.9% of the respondents were illiterate.Only two third of patients i.e 65.67% knew about the causative organism. No correlation between awareness of causative agent and literacy status was found . In study by Ali et al (2003)13, 78.00 % of patients knew about causative organism while Rajeshwari et al (1995)12 found that 86.00 % of cases were aware about causative organism. Dubey et al (2000)11 noted 95.00% of tuberculosis cases being aware of causative a gent. Damor D, Singh MPS (2012) 16 in their study found only 6.9% of the cases knew the cause of disease. Ali caravansary Khwaja (2010) 17 in his study found that 39% of the cases knew germ as the cause of disease.Various myths related to T B prevalent in tuberculosis patients were Punishment from God (40.66%) , Curse (42.33%) , Past sins (52.00%) , Evil eye (55.66%) , Ghostintrusion (31.00%). The myth were prevalent more frequently in lower social class cases then upper class. Javed Ahmed khan (2006) 14 also found that 50% of the respondents had myths regarding the cause of tuberculosis.Observation on correlation between knowledge of duration of treatment and literacy status reveal a commanding correlation i.e higher the literacy higher the knowledge .It was 42.20% in illiterate while it was 85.71% in graduate.SUMMARY AND goal63.90% ie.2/3 rd of the patients belonged to active age-group i.e. 15-39 yrs. Which is age for earning and productivity.75.00% of patients were male and 25 .00% were female. Male female ratio being 311/3rd of patients belonged to urban area. More than half (52.60%) from urban slums and 14.00% of rural areas.About 60.00% of patients were married and 40.00% were all unmarried, widow and widower.77.00% of patients were Hindu, 22.33% were Muslims and rest belong to other religion.Maximum number of patients were laborers (40.00%) followed by self employed (23.67%), 18.67% were housewives.Literacy status of sample was 51.40%2/3 rd of the patients belonged to nuclear familyMajority of the patients ie. 78.00% were from lower socio economic classes.Only 2/3rd of the patients i.e. 65.67% knew about the causative organism and literacy status was found.Myths regarding causation of TB were widely prevalent especially in lower class than upper class which were punishment from God (40.66%), curse (42.33%), past sins (52.00%), evil eye (55.66%) and ghost intrusion (31.00%) indicating the need of creating awareness in patients in particular and commun ity in general.BIBLIOGRAPHY human TB enshroud WHO 1998Ian Smith (1999) Stop TB-is DOTS the Answer ? 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